This brief course includes different topics relevant to the history of Medicine.  Diseases have changed with time and location: some old conditions that were prevalent in the past are now rare or limited geographically; other have appeared in our modern society. The very definition and identification of disease nomenclature has changed considerably in the last decades, and many conditions that were not considered to be diseases are now classified as such. Food, its quality, amount, and composition have always been of major import as causes and diffusion of disease, with major differences in the history of humankind. The development of modern scientific medicine has revolutionized not only disease recognition, treatment and prevention, but also medical education.